Why do we use liquids for the cold/heat storage of LAEs?

Liquids for the cold/heat storage of LAES are very popular these years, as the designed temperature or transferred energy can be easily achieved by adjusting the flow rate of liquids, and liquids for energy storage can avoid the exergy destruction inside the rocks.

What is a standalone liquid air energy storage system?

4.1. Standalone liquid air energy storage In the standalone LAES system, the input is only the excess electricity, whereas the output can be the supplied electricity along with the heating or cooling output.

Are organic liquids flammable for a large-scale energy storage system?

The RTE of standalone or integrated LAES system can be easily enhanced to 50–80% based on liquids for cold or heat recovery. However, the above–mentioned organic liquids for energy storage materials are flammable and hence unfavorable for a large-scale energy system.

What is liquid air energy storage?

Among them, liquid air energy storage (LAES) has attracted a great deal of public attention recently, owing to several unique advantages including long lifetime, high energy storage density, no geographical constraints, carbon neutrality, etc. , . The story of LAES started from 1977 with a preliminary LAES concept for peak shaving .

Are liquids suitable for cold/heat storage?

Liquids for the cold/heat storage of LAES usually result in a high round-trip efficiency of 50–60 %, however, these liquids are flammable and hence unsuitable for large-scale applications. The traditional standalone LAES configuration is reported to have a long payback period of ∼20 years with low economic benefits.

What is cold/heat storage with liquids?

4.1.2. Cold/heat storage with liquids Different from solids for cold/heat storage, the liquids for cold/heat storage work as not only the heat storage materials but also the heat transfer fluids for cold/heat recovery (i.e., cold/heat recovery fluids).