How many Ma can a sodium-sulfur battery run at 20 °C?

At 20 °C, the ITO@ACC-catalyzed sodium-sulfur batteries (6.8 mg (S) cm –2) gave an early cycle capacity of 684 mA h g (S) –1 and after 1000 cycles the capacity was maintained at 445 mA h g (S) –1 at a 0.5C rate.

What is the capacity and energy density of Na batteries?

In most cases, the practical specific capacity and energy density (based on the mass of cathodic active material only) for Na batteries is less than 900 mAh g −1 and 1100 Wh kg −1 (specially, <500 mAh g −1 and <900 Wh kg −1 for high-temperature Na–S batteries 7).

What is a subzero-temperature sodium-sulfur battery?

Moreover, a subzero-temperature sodium-sulfur battery is also realized for the first time; operating at –10 °C, the initial specific capacity of the battery operating at 0.1C at this temperature was 342 mA h g (S) –1 and after 100 cycles, the capacity was maintained at 310 mA h g (S) –1. 1. Introduction

What is a sodium sulfur battery?

The as-developed sodium–sulfur batteries deliver high capacity and long cycling stability. To date, batteries based on alkali metal-ion intercalating cathode and anode materials, such as lithium-ion batteries, have been widely used in modern society from portable electronics to electric vehicles 1.

What is the specific energy of a lithium-sulfur battery?

When lithium anode is paired with a high-capacity cathode material such as sulfur, the resulting lithium-sulfur battery has a theoretical specific energy of 2567 Wh kg −1 (Fig. 1B) (20).

What is the sulfur conversion mechanism of RT na/S batteries?

To examine the sulfur conversion mechanism of RT Na/S batteries, a series of composites containing varying amounts of sulfur have been synthesized using micro-mesoporous carbon host. A distinction can be made between the sulfur present externally and within the confined pores based on the analysis of their electrochemical behaviors.